Algorithmes de Google : comment les priorités de classement ont évolué au cours des dix dernières années

Google’s search algorithm has evolved dramatically over the past decade. Since 2015, the search giant has introduced major updates that shifted how websites are ranked — moving from a focus on simple keyword matching and backlinks to a broader emphasis on user intent, content quality, mobile experience, and now AI-driven results. Below is a chronological overview of key Google algorithm updates from 2015 to 2025, what each aimed to change, and how these changes have reshaped SEO best practices for marketers, business owners, and SEO professionals.

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2015: Mobile-Friendly Update and RankBrain

Mobile-Friendly “Mobilegeddon”
This update gave a ranking boost to mobile-friendly websites on mobile search results. It signaled a clear shift: sites had to be mobile-optimized to succeed. This focus culminated in mobile-first indexing, meaning Google primarily uses the mobile version of a site for indexing and ranking.

RankBrain
RankBrain introduced machine learning into Google’s ranking system. It helped Google understand the intent behind search queries, even if they weren’t exact keyword matches. For SEO, this meant shifting from exact-match keywords to writing content that naturally answers user questions.

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2016: Penguin 4.0 and Real-Time Link Evaluation

Penguin 4.0
Google began evaluating backlinks in real-time and penalizing manipulative link practices less harshly. Instead of demoting entire websites, it devalued individual spammy links. As a result, the focus moved to ethical, high-quality link-building. SEO strategies began to favor reputation, trust, and relevance over quantity of backlinks.

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2017–2018: Speed, Mobile-First Indexing, and E-A-T

Speed Update & Mobile-First Indexing
Page speed on mobile became a ranking factor. Google also began indexing the mobile version of content by default. Sites that were slow or not mobile-optimized started to see ranking losses. Regular tools like a free SEO check became essential to identify performance issues.

The Rise of E-A-T (Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trustworthiness)
Particularly relevant for health and finance websites, Google placed more emphasis on content credibility and author transparency. It became crucial to show credentials, cite trustworthy sources, and maintain an overall reputable web presence.

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2019: BERT – Understanding Natural Language

BERT helped Google understand the context of search terms within sentences. It significantly improved Google’s ability to understand long-tail, conversational queries. For SEO, it meant that content needed to be written in natural language, structured clearly, and focused on fully answering user questions. Over-optimization for exact phrases became less effective, while relevance and clarity became top priorities.

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2021: Core Web Vitals and the Page Experience Update

This update officially made user experience a ranking factor. Google introduced Core Web Vitals — metrics that measured loading speed, interactivity, and visual stability. These performance signals encouraged web developers and SEO professionals to work closely together.

Optimizing for Core Web Vitals required improving things like:

• Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
• First Input Delay (FID)
• Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)

Tools for a free SEO check or Google Search Console became valuable resources to monitor and improve performance. Businesses often turned to a professional SEO service to meet these new technical standards.

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2022: Helpful Content Update – Prioritizing People-First Content

This update targeted content created primarily to manipulate rankings rather than help users. Sites with a high volume of unhelpful or thin content were suppressed across all their pages. It signaled a major shift: Google began evaluating entire domains, not just individual pages.

Content creators were urged to:

• Focus on original insights
• Demonstrate real expertise
• Avoid clickbait or AI-spun content
• Write for humans, not search engines

Many businesses conducted content audits to improve or remove underperforming articles. The update reinforced that SEO is now deeply connected to content strategy and audience trust.

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2023–2025: Search Generative Experience (SGE) and the Role of AI

Google introduced Search Generative Experience (SGE), using generative AI to create answer summaries at the top of search results. These summaries often pull content directly from trusted websites, reducing the need for users to click.

Implications for SEO include:

• Traditional rankings may be overshadowed by AI-generated answers
• Structured content and schema markup can increase chances of being cited
• Authority, context, and concise answers matter more than ever

Additionally, core updates in this period continued to reward trustworthy, original, and people-first content while cracking down on low-quality AI-generated material.

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How SEO Priorities Have Shifted

Over 10 years, SEO has transformed from a formulaic approach into a holistic discipline that integrates content quality, user experience, and technical performance.

Then vs. Now

Old SEO (2015)	Modern SEO (2025)
Keyword density	User intent
Link quantity	Link quality & relevance
Desktop-first design	Mobile-first indexing
Exact match phrases	Natural language content
PageRank only	E-A-T, UX, AI, CWV

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Best Practices in the Current SEO Landscape

To thrive in the current search environment:

• Focus on People-First Content: Write helpful, original content that solves real problems.
• Prioritize Technical SEO: Regularly run a free SEO check to detect issues with speed, usability, or mobile-friendliness.
• Invest in UX and Core Web Vitals: Ensure fast load times, intuitive design, and stability.
• Adapt to AI Trends: Structure your content clearly so it can be cited in AI-generated search results.
• Use an Experienced SEO Service: As algorithms grow more complex, relying on a trusted SEO service can give your business a competitive edge.

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Conclusion

The last decade has proven that Google’s algorithm changes are driven by one central goal: improving the searcher’s experience. Whether through RankBrain, BERT, or SGE, Google continues to reward content that is authentic, useful, and accessible. SEO is no longer about gaming the system — it’s about aligning with what users truly want.

If you’re unsure where your website stands, consider starting with a free SEO check to evaluate key areas. Then, take action with an effective SEO service that aligns your site with today’s ranking priorities — and helps future-proof it for what’s to come.